| Macrophage-secreted factors induce adipocyte inflammation and insulin resistance
Authors: Permana, Paska A
Menge, Christopher
Reaven, Peter D.
Source: Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications; Mar2006, Vol. 341 Issue 2, p507-514, 8p
Macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue increases with obesity, a condition associated with low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. We investigated the direct effects of macrophage-secreted factors on adipocyte inflammation and insulin resistance. 3T3-L1 adipocytes incubated with media conditioned by RAW264.7 macrophages (RAW-CM) showed dramatically increased transcription of several inflammation-related genes, greater nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) activity, and enhanced binding of U937 monocytes. All of these effects were prevented by co-incubation with pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, an NF-?B inhibitor. Adipocytes incubated with RAW-CM also released more non-esterified fatty acids and this increased lipolysis was not suppressed by insulin. In addition, RAW-CM treatment decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. Taken together, these results indicate that macrophage-secreted factors induce inflammatory responses and reduce insulin responsiveness in adipocytes. These effects of macrophage-secreted factors on adipocytes may contribute significantly to the systemic inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity.
Author Affiliations:
Research Service, Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012-1892, USA
Department of Medicine, Section of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012-1892, USA
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