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Counting calories: Getting back to weight-loss basics
From MayoClinic.com
Special to CNN.com
Of all the diet strategies out there, it still comes down to the calorie. Fad diets may promise you that counting carbs or eating a mountain of grapefruit is key to weight loss, but when it comes to weight control, it's calories that count.
Calories: Fuel for your body
Calories are the energy in food. Your body has a constant demand for energy and uses the calories from food to keep you functioning. Energy from calories fuels your every action, much as gasoline powers your car.
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are the types of nutrients that contain calories and thus are the main energy sources for your body. The amount of energy in each varies: Proteins and carbohydrates have about 4 calories per gram and fats have about 9 calories per gram. Alcohol is also a source of calories, providing about 7 calories per gram.
Regardless of where they come from, calories you eat are either converted to physical energy or stored within your body as fat. Unless you use these stored calories — either by reducing calorie intake so that your body must draw on reserves for energy, or by increasing physical activity so that you burn more calories — this fat remains stored within your body.
Metabolism and weight loss: How you burn calories
Tipping the scale: Cutting calories
Your weight is a balancing act, but the equation is simple: If you eat more calories than you burn, you gain weight.
Because 3,500 calories equals about 1 pound of fat, you need to burn 3,500 calories more than you take in to lose 1 pound. So if you cut 500 calories from your typical diet each day, you'd lose approximately 1 pound a week (500 calories x 7 days = 3,500 calories).
Cutting calories doesn't have to be difficult. In fact, it might be as simple as forgoing one extra item a day, swapping foods or trimming serving sizes. The number of calories you save is likely to translate into pounds lost.
Cut out high-calorie foods
Skipping one or two high-calorie items that you might have otherwise eaten is a good place to start when cutting calories. For example, you could skip your morning caffe latte or the bowl of ice cream you always have after dinner. Think about what you eat and drink each day and identify items you could cut out. Here are examples of high-calorie foods and beverages and the possible calorie savings:
Food Calories
1 bottle (16 ounces) soft drink 202
Starbucks grande (16 ounces) caffe latte 260
1 large slice thick-crust pepperoni pizza 301
1 large glazed doughnut 302
4-inch cinnamon-raisin bagel with 2 tablespoons cream cheese 344
1 snack bag (3 ounces) nacho-flavored tortilla chips 424
2 cups chocolate ice cream 572
Sources: USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, 2005;
www.starbucks.com, 2005. Actual calories may vary by brand.
Choose lower calorie foods
Replace foods that are high in calories with ones that are lower in calories. For example, drink fat-free milk instead of whole milk and sparkling water or diet soda instead of regular soft drinks. Or have an extra serving of vegetables at dinner instead of an extra serving of meat. You might find that these substitutions are easy to make and the number of saved calories quickly adds up.
Reduce your portion sizes
The sizes of your portions affect how many calories you're getting: Twice the amount of food means twice the number of calories. To reduce how much food you eat, and therefore how many calories you consume, try these tips:
Serve smaller portions. At the beginning of a meal, take slightly less than what you think you'll eat. You can always have seconds, if necessary.
See what you eat. Eating directly from a container gives you no sense of how much you're eating. Seeing food on a plate or in a bowl keeps you aware of how much you're eating.
Check food labels. Be sure to check food labels for the serving size and number of calories per serving. You may find that the small bag of chips you eat with lunch every day, for example, is two servings, doubling the calories listed on the label.
Don't feel obligated to clean your plate. Stop eating as soon as you feel full. Those extra bites of food that you're trying not to waste add unneeded calories.
Energy density and weight loss: Feel full on fewer calories
Ingredient substitutions: Make the switch for healthier recipes
The healthy-weight equation
Managing your calorie intake is essential to weight control. Still, it's only part of the weight loss and maintenance equation. For a successful — and sustainable — weight management plan, you need to increase your physical activity while decreasing the calories you take in. It's this combination of regular activity and healthy, calorie-focused eating that will help you achieve a healthy weight.
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